Gravel Calculator: Calculate Cubic Yards & Tons
Calculate how much gravel, crushed stone or aggregate you need for your project.
Enter the length, width and depth of the area below to estimate the amount of gravel required in cubic yards and tons.
Use the calculator for driveways, walkways, patios, drainage projects, landscape beds, paver bases and other projects that require gravel or crushed stone.
Material weights vary by stone type, moisture and compaction. Use the tonnage estimate as a planning tool and confirm final quantities with your material supplier.
Free Gravel Calculator
Gravel Calculator
Enter your project dimensions to estimate the amount of gravel needed in cubic yards and tons.
Gravel density varies by material, moisture, gradation and supplier. Use this calculator for estimating and confirm final order quantities with your aggregate supplier.
How Much Gravel Do I Need?
To calculate how much gravel you need, determine the area of the project and the desired depth of the gravel.
For a rectangular area, start with:
Length × Width = Square Feet
Then convert the gravel depth from inches to feet and multiply:
Square Feet × Depth in Feet = Cubic Feet
Finally, divide cubic feet by 27:
Cubic Feet ÷ 27 = Cubic Yards
For example, a 20-foot × 20-foot area with gravel installed 4 inches deep requires approximately:
20 × 20 = 400 square feet
400 × 0.333 = 133.2 cubic feet
133.2 ÷ 27 = 4.93 cubic yards
Before ordering, you may want to add additional material for compaction, uneven grades and installation loss.
How Many Tons of Gravel Do I Need?
Gravel and crushed stone are frequently sold by weight rather than volume, which means cubic yards must be converted to tons.
There isn't one exact conversion that works for every type of gravel.
The weight of gravel varies based on the type and size of stone, moisture content, density and how the material is processed.
As a rough estimate, many common crushed-stone products weigh approximately 1.3 to 1.5 tons per cubic yard, but the actual weight can vary.
For final ordering, use the density provided by your quarry, landscape supplier or aggregate producer whenever possible.
Gravel Depth Guide
The correct gravel depth depends on the project and site conditions.
| Project | Typical Gravel Depth |
|---|---|
| Landscape gravel | 2–3 inches |
| Walkway | 2–4 inches |
| Drainage stone | Varies by trench design |
| Patio base | 4–6+ inches |
| Residential driveway | 4–8+ inches |
| Heavy-use areas | Project-specific |
These are general estimating ranges, not construction specifications. Soil conditions, drainage, traffic loads and local requirements can change the appropriate installation depth.
Cubic Yards vs. Tons of Gravel
Cubic yards measure volume. Tons measure weight.
This distinction matters when ordering aggregate.
A project may require 6 cubic yards of material by volume, but your supplier may sell that material by the ton. To estimate the number of tons, the volume must be multiplied by the approximate density of the specific material.
For example, if a gravel product weighs approximately 1.4 tons per cubic yard:
6 cubic yards × 1.4 tons = 8.4 tons
Because densities vary, always confirm the conversion for the specific stone you're ordering.
Should I Add Extra Gravel to My Calculation?
Usually, adding some extra material is a good idea.
A perfectly calculated quantity assumes perfectly consistent dimensions and depth. Real jobs rarely work that way.
Additional gravel may be needed because of:
- Uneven excavation
- Low areas in the subgrade
- Compaction
- Spillage and installation loss
- Variations in finished depth
- Changes to the project dimensions
A modest overage can help prevent running short near the end of a project.
The appropriate amount depends on the job, so the calculator lets you adjust the overage rather than assuming every project needs the same percentage.
Common Uses for Gravel and Crushed Stone
Gravel and aggregate are used throughout construction and landscaping.
Common applications include:
- Driveways
- Walkways
- Patio bases
- Paver bases
- French drains
- Drainage trenches
- Retaining wall drainage
- Shed bases
- Landscape beds
- Concrete base preparation
- Backfill
- Construction entrances
The appropriate aggregate size and material will depend on the application.
Gravel Calculator Example
Suppose you're installing gravel over an area measuring:
30 feet long × 12 feet wide × 4 inches deep
The area is:
30 × 12 = 360 square feet
Four inches equals approximately 0.333 feet:
360 × 0.333 = 119.9 cubic feet
Convert that to cubic yards:
119.9 ÷ 27 = 4.44 cubic yards
If the gravel weighs approximately 1.4 tons per cubic yard:
4.44 × 1.4 = 6.22 tons
Adding 10% for overage would bring the estimated order to approximately:
6.8 tons
Actual ordering quantities should be rounded appropriately based on how your supplier sells and delivers the material.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate how much gravel I need?
Multiply the project's length by its width to determine square footage. Multiply the area by the gravel depth in feet to determine cubic feet, then divide by 27 to convert cubic feet to cubic yards.
How many tons are in a cubic yard of gravel?
It depends on the material. Many common gravel and crushed-stone products are roughly 1.3 to 1.5 tons per cubic yard, but density can vary significantly. Use the density supplied by your material supplier whenever possible.
How many square feet does a yard of gravel cover?
Coverage depends on depth. One cubic yard covers approximately 324 square feet at 1 inch deep, 162 square feet at 2 inches deep, 108 square feet at 3 inches deep, or 81 square feet at 4 inches deep.
How deep should gravel be?
It depends on the application. Decorative gravel may only require a few inches, while driveways, paver bases and structural applications can require substantially greater depths based on soil conditions and expected loads.
Should gravel be ordered by the yard or ton?
That depends on the supplier and material. Some suppliers sell aggregate by the ton while others sell certain materials by the cubic yard. The calculator provides both measurements so you can estimate either way.
Should I add 10% extra gravel?
Ten percent is a reasonable planning allowance for many projects, but it isn't a universal rule. Irregular dimensions, variable excavation depths and significant compaction may require more, while simple projects with accurate measurements may require less.
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